By Damilola Adeleke

A rising number of human rights activists, former political detainees, and relatives of victims of General Ibrahim Babangida’s military regime are demanding his prosecution, accusing the former leader of human rights abuses and political repression.

The renewed calls for accountability emerged following the launch of Babangida’s autobiography, A Journey of Service, on February 20, 2025. The book revisits his tenure as Nigeria’s head of state from August 27, 1985, to August 26, 1993—a period many associate with political crackdowns and controversial decisions.

One of the most contentious actions of his administration was the annulment of the June 12, 1993, presidential election, widely regarded as the freest and fairest in the country’s history. The annulment sparked nationwide protests, leading to the deaths of over 100 civilians during crackdowns by security forces.

His regime also faced allegations of press suppression, with prominent media outlets such as Newswatch Magazine, The Guardian, and PUNCH Newspapers shut down for their critical reporting. The unresolved murder of investigative journalist Dele Giwa, who was killed by a parcel bomb on October 19, 1986, remains linked to state actors, though Babangida has denied involvement.

The execution of his childhood friend, General Mamman Vatsa, over an alleged coup plot further stained his legacy.Debo Adeniran, President of the Committee for the Defence of Human Rights, called for Babangida to be held accountable.

“The annulment of the June 12 election was a coup against democracy. Many were killed, imprisoned, or forced into exile. Babangida has a lot to answer for and should be prosecuted,” he stated.

Pro-democracy activist Femi Aborisade echoed this view, describing Babangida as “a tyrant who annulled the people’s democratic choice”, insisting he should be imprisoned.Renowned lawyer and activist Femi Falana also recounted his detention under Babangida’s rule.

“I was detained alongside students expelled for speaking out against his government. The execution of Vatsa was outright murder,” Falana asserted.Morayo Brown, daughter of the late activist Alao-Aka-Bashorun, questioned why Babangida’s book launch was celebrated.”

My father warned Nigerians about this man. He fought to hold Babangida accountable, yet today, we see him celebrated despite his crimes,” she said.Former student leader Omoyele Sowore added his voice to the call for justice, stating that Babangida should be held responsible for the deaths of students, journalists, and military officers.

Jonathan Vatsa, younger brother of the executed General Vatsa, demanded restitution.”Babangida owes Nigerians an apology and should return everything he took unlawfully,” he declared.The backlash intensified when Raees Abacha, grandson of former military ruler General Sani Abacha, labeled Babangida a betrayer.

“If their lifespans were reversed, my grandfather would never have forgiven Babangida’s treachery,” he posted on X (formerly Twitter).

Further controversy has arisen over Babangida’s depiction of Nigeria’s 1966 coup in his book, with critics accusing him of distorting history to protect his legacy.

While some praise his candidness, others reject his version of events. Journalist Oseni Rufai urged other historical figures to share their perspectives, while critics accuse Babangida of attempting to rewrite history.

As calls for his prosecution grow louder, the debate over his legacy and actions continues to spark public discourse in Nigeria.