By Erewunmi Peace

Health professionals are warning Nigerians about the possible presence of antibiotic residues in poultry products, following a viral post by popular medical influencer, Aproko Doctor, who claimed that “every time you eat chicken or eggs in Nigeria, you may be eating antibiotics.”

Investigations and scientific reports appear to back up his claim — though experts say the issue is not universal and depends on how farmers manage antibiotic use in poultry production.

A 2023 survey by researchers from the University of Nigeria and the University of Ibadan revealed that poultry farms across the country use large quantities of antibiotics such as tetracyclines, penicillins, and fluoroquinolones. Many of these are administered routinely to prevent disease and promote growth — practices that can leave traces of the drugs in chicken meat and eggs.

In a 2010 study conducted in Enugu State, eggs from retail outlets tested positive for antibiotic residues, particularly oxytetracycline. Similarly, a study in Abuja found traces of chloramphenicol, an antibiotic banned in food animals in many countries, in about 7% of egg samples tested.

“These findings indicate that antibiotic residues are indeed present in some poultry products sold to consumers in Nigeria,” said Dr. Chijioke Eze, a veterinary public health expert. “The problem often arises when farmers fail to observe the withdrawal period the time required after drug use before selling eggs or slaughtering birds.”

While some studies found that residue levels were below internationally accepted safety limits, others warn that continuous exposure even at low levels could contribute to antibiotic resistance, a growing global health threat.

A 2024 review published in the journal Antibiotics noted that weak regulation, poor farmer education, and limited residue monitoring remain major challenges in Nigeria and other African countries.

Experts advise consumers to source poultry from trusted farms that adhere to proper veterinary practices and avoid indiscriminate antibiotic use. They also call for stronger government oversight and more public education on the safe use of antibiotics in food production.

“Consumers deserve to know that their food is safe,” said Aproko Doctor in his post. “Antibiotic misuse affects not just animals, but humans too it’s a silent crisis.”

Antibiotics are essential for treating infections in both humans and animals, but their misuse in agriculture can lead to residues in food and the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. The Nigerian government has in recent years introduced policies to encourage responsible use, but implementation remains inconsistent.