By Erewunmi Peace

The Federal Government of Nigeria has announced plans to decriminalise attempted suicide before the end of December 2025, in what is being described as a historic step toward reforming the nation’s mental health laws.

The disclosure was made in Abuja by the Coordinating Minister of Health and Social Welfare, Prof. Muhammad Ali Pate, during activities marking World Suicide Prevention Day on September 10, 2025.

Currently, Nigeria criminalises attempted suicide under Section 327 of the Criminal Code and Section 231 of the Penal Code, with offenders facing up to one year imprisonment. Experts have long argued that such punitive measures only worsen stigma and discourage people in crisis from seeking help.

To drive the reform, the government inaugurated a National Taskforce on Decriminalisation of Attempted Suicide in October 2024, chaired by legal and public health expert Prof. Cheluchi Onyemelukwe. Since then, a government white paper has been produced and a National Mental Health Act Amendment Bill 2025 drafted, which seeks to repeal punitive provisions and replace them with a more compassionate, health-centered response.

According to Prof. Pate, a memo will soon be presented to the Federal Executive Council to pave the way for an Executive Bill to be introduced in the National Assembly.

“This reform is necessary to reduce stigma, save lives, and provide the right support for Nigerians struggling with suicidal thoughts,” Prof. Pate said.

If passed, the move will align Nigeria with global trends, as many countries have decriminalised attempted suicide in favour of treatment, counselling, and prevention. Mental health advocates have welcomed the development, urging government to match the legal reforms with increased investment in mental health services and crisis support.